{"id":3851,"date":"2025-01-03T21:07:06","date_gmt":"2025-01-04T04:07:06","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/allphasepharma.com\/dir\/?p=3851"},"modified":"2025-09-20T19:07:57","modified_gmt":"2025-09-21T01:07:57","slug":"critical-review-whos-list-antibacterials-clinical-development","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/allphasepharma.com\/dir\/2025\/01\/03\/3851\/critical-review-whos-list-antibacterials-clinical-development\/","title":{"rendered":"A Critical Review of WHO\u2019s List of Antibacterials in Clinical Development"},"content":{"rendered":"\n<figure class=\"wp-block-image size-full\"><a href=\"https:\/\/i0.wp.com\/allphasepharma.com\/dir\/wp-content\/uploads\/2025\/01\/WHO-Blog.jpg?ssl=1\"><img data-recalc-dims=\"1\" loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" width=\"514\" height=\"145\" src=\"https:\/\/i0.wp.com\/allphasepharma.com\/dir\/wp-content\/uploads\/2025\/01\/WHO-Blog.jpg?resize=514%2C145&#038;ssl=1\" alt=\"\" class=\"wp-image-3852\" srcset=\"https:\/\/i0.wp.com\/allphasepharma.com\/dir\/wp-content\/uploads\/2025\/01\/WHO-Blog.jpg?w=514&amp;ssl=1 514w, https:\/\/i0.wp.com\/allphasepharma.com\/dir\/wp-content\/uploads\/2025\/01\/WHO-Blog.jpg?resize=300%2C85&amp;ssl=1 300w\" sizes=\"auto, (max-width: 514px) 100vw, 514px\" \/><\/a><\/figure>\n\n\n\n<p>WHO compiles a list of antibacterials in clinical development on a regular basis, the last in mid-2024 <a href=\"#_ftn1\" id=\"_ftnref1\">[1]<\/a>.&nbsp; The information is up-to-date and detailed: it provides MoA and antibacterial spectrum, coverage of problem pathogens, the development phase, and whether it can be considered an \u2018innovative\u2019 drug (based on a set of criteria).&nbsp; Most clinicians are probably less interested in the country of origin and where a company\u2019s HQ is located but certainly Western countries still dominate antibiotic development.&nbsp; India, Russia and China are not inactive and show up in the WHO list as well.&nbsp;<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>Overall, the number of NCEs in development has increased in the 2017 to 2023 time frame, which is a good thing.&nbsp;<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>As in past years, Big Pharma has little interest in anti-infectives; most antibiotic development is done by small companies. &nbsp;<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>WHO concludes that the existing pipeline is \u2018insufficient\u2019.&nbsp; We and others<a href=\"#_ftn2\" id=\"_ftnref2\">[2]<\/a> have long come to the same conclusion.&nbsp; However, the situation is actually bleaker than the WHO review suggests.&nbsp;<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>Let\u2019s dig into the actual raw data to substantiate our claim.&nbsp; We use the WHO list which can be downloaded from the website for free (btw, without pesky ads).&nbsp; Incidentally, the site has some beautiful color graphics.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>There are some minor mistakes and omissions but we will refrain from nitpicking.&nbsp; Clearly, this is a dynamic landscape and changes are to be expected.&nbsp; We have, however, an issue with WHO\u2019s definition of what constitutes an \u2018innovative\u2019 compound.&nbsp;<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>We restrict our review to drugs in Phase 1-3 in development that have activity against WHO Priority organisms.&nbsp; We ignore&nbsp; inhalational antibiotics and C. difficile, H. pylori, M. tuberculosis agents<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>Using these criteria, we come up with N=31 drugs just like WHO.&nbsp; However, there are only few that really deserve being called innovative.&nbsp; Most of them are in the me-too category, i.e., drug candidates from established drug classes providing minor improvements. We also see a &nbsp;lot of duplication in the BL\/BLI category.&nbsp;<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>We would be more thankful for the effort, if we did not know how much more money is being spent on 3<sup>rd<\/sup> and 4<sup>th<\/sup> line cancer drug development!<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>Back to the WHO list.&nbsp; Let\u2019s take a closer look now at the 31 \u201cPriority Pathogen Drugs\u201d:<\/p>\n\n\n\n<ul class=\"wp-block-list\">\n<li>new colistin \/ polymyxin derivatives (N=3)<ul><li>It would be nice to have better drugs in this class (with less tox and better PK).<\/li><\/ul><ul><li>Can Spero succeed with SPR206 \/ Upleganan where others have failed?&nbsp; The company has fallen on hard times with 2 other antibiotics recently.&nbsp; SPR-206 is cleared for Phase 2, and we are eager to see efficacy data in HABP\/VABP.<\/li><\/ul>\n<ul class=\"wp-block-list\">\n<li>QPX9003 from Brii and MRX-8 from MicuRx are still in Ph1; it is too early to assess viability.<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>new aminoglycoside (N=1)\n<ul class=\"wp-block-list\">\n<li>Apramycin from Juvabis is not really a NME. &nbsp;Although structurally unique, it already looked like an interesting drug in 1977 <a href=\"#_ftn3\" id=\"_ftnref3\">[3]<\/a>.&nbsp; It is approved in veterinary medicine.&nbsp; It is hard to see how it would do better in the market than plazomicin.&nbsp;<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>new macrolides (N=2)<ul><li>Given the void left by Ketek, a macrolide without QT issues and liver toxicity would be nice to have<\/li><\/ul><ul><li>Solithromycin (aka CEM-101; OP-1068; T-4288) went through (too) many hands already and has a troubled regulatory history: rejected by the FDA and Advisory Board members in 2016 (sic!) for safety concerns and non-conform Phase 3 studies, it is not clear whether its patent life justifies further investment.&nbsp; There are no active studies in clinicaltrials.gov.&nbsp;<\/li><\/ul>\n<ul class=\"wp-block-list\">\n<li>WCK 4873 \/ nafithromycin from Wockhardt is approved in India for CABP.&nbsp; It is a potent oral ketolide derivative with excellent activity against respiratory pathogens.&nbsp; It is not approved in the US.&nbsp; Its long retention in lung tissue allows short 3-day treatment, analogous to azithromycin.&nbsp;<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>new combos of BL\/BLI drugs (N=13)<ul><li>these drugs follow the Avicaz \/ Vabomere paradigm \u2013 they have predictable efficacy and high LoS<\/li><\/ul><ul><li>most combine a 3<sup>rd<\/sup> gen cephalosporin with a novel patentable BLI of the DBO class<\/li><\/ul><ul><li>most have good to excellent ESBL and CRE activity but none against P. aeruginosa<\/li><\/ul><ul><li>differences among the BLI partners seem rather inconsequential&nbsp; (exception: combos that also provide A. baumannii coverage)<\/li><\/ul><ul><li>the safety of the 2<sup>nd<\/sup> gen DBOs and novel cyclic BLIs remains to be explored further<\/li><\/ul><ul><li>lack of major differentiating features among the BL\/BLI combos will negatively impact commercial success<\/li><\/ul><ul><li>Allecra\u2019s fast development and FDA approval of AAI101 \/ enmetazobactam as Exblifep in combination with cefepime was a great achievement &nbsp;&#8211; albeit for cUTI only&nbsp; In Europe, it garnered additional approvals for HABP and VABP as well.&nbsp;<\/li><\/ul>\n<ul class=\"wp-block-list\">\n<li>Bottom line: there are too many look-alikes in this category.&nbsp; Improvement maybe, innovation not really.<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n\n\n\n<p>Next, here the list of truly new MoA drugs:<\/p>\n\n\n\n<ul class=\"wp-block-list\">\n<li>topoisomerase II inhibitors (N=3)<ul><li>ETX0282 \/ Zoliflodacin is at the submission stage.&nbsp; Entasis studied the drug only in a narrow indication (uncomplicated GC).&nbsp; Progress has been slow, maybe because of limited commercial prospects and its transfer to Innoviva.<\/li><\/ul><ul><li>BWC0977 from Bugworks is an interesting compound: a dual gyrase\/topoisomerase inhibitor with an unusually broad activity spectrum <a href=\"#_ftn4\" id=\"_ftnref4\">[4]<\/a>.&nbsp; It is in Phase 1 development \u2013 stay tuned!<\/li><\/ul><ul><li>Gepotidacin from GSK is being developed for uUTI and uncomplicated GC, the ABSSSI indication was dropped after a Phase 2 study showed insufficient \u201cclinically significant utility\u201d and low cure rates.<a href=\"#_ftn5\" id=\"_ftnref5\">[5]<\/a><\/li><\/ul>\n<ul class=\"wp-block-list\">\n<li>Doses for these compounds require gram amounts of drug.&nbsp; While not a big problem for IV dosing, COGs and pill burden of the PO formulation may become issues.<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>inhibitor of lipopolysaccharide transport (Lpt) proteins (N=1)<ul><li>Roche\u2019s RG6006 (Zosurabalpin), described as a \u2018tethered macrocytic peptide\u2019 is an interesting compound.&nbsp; Lpt bacterial transporters are needed by Gram-negatives to produce their characteristic LPS outer membrane <a href=\"#_ftn6\" id=\"_ftnref6\">[6]<\/a>.&nbsp; The approach is reminiscent of former attempts to develop an LpxC drug with a similar MoA which failed due to cardiac and other toxicities.&nbsp; It is currently in Phase 1.&nbsp;&nbsp;<\/li><\/ul>\n<ul class=\"wp-block-list\">\n<li>Note that POL7080 \/ murepavadine, a structurally different LptD inhibitor, is now in Phase 3 development as an inhalational drug by Spexis (formerly Polyphor).&nbsp; Renal toxicity stopped the IV program in 2019.&nbsp;<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>FtsZ inhibitor (N=1)\n<ul class=\"wp-block-list\">\n<li>TXA709 &nbsp;from Taxis Pharma targets FtsZ, a component of a multi-protein array that is important for the formation of a cell during binary division.&nbsp; It is bactericidal and may potentiate the activity of other antibiotics when combined.&nbsp; Selectivity seems adequate and a potential effect on tubulin was not reported in Phase 1 studies.<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>Bacteriocin (N=1)\n<ul class=\"wp-block-list\">\n<li>OMN-6 from Omnix Medical is an AMP derived from the cecropin \/ cathelicidin class of innate defense peptides or bactericidins.&nbsp; Currently in Phase 1, this is an interesting novel compound with broad antimicrobial and antibiofilm activity.&nbsp; Target delivery is not trivial for AMP peptides but Omnix thinks it has the technology to impart selectivity and stability.&nbsp; AMPs have a checkered history (see our blog on PolyMedx) so we have to wait for actual clinical Phase 2 data on OMN-6 to gauge its potential.<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>ATP disruption inhibitor (N=1)<ul><li>A synthetic polymer, R-327 seems to have a multi-pronged MoA: it per\u00admeabilizes the bacterial cell membrane and enters the cell; it interrupts bacterial cellular en\u00adergetics via ATP synthesis; it disrupts cellular division and non-dividing cell functions. R-327 is rapidly and irreversibly bactericidal. <a href=\"#_ftn7\" id=\"_ftnref7\">[7]<\/a><\/li><\/ul>\n<ul class=\"wp-block-list\">\n<li>Little clinical data are available for R-327.&nbsp; Recce Pharma (pronounced Re-Key), an Australian company, claims broad activity against EKCAPE pathogens and other bacteria.&nbsp; Recce has conducted several Phase 2a trials for the systemic version of this compound.<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>FabI targeting antibiotics (N=1)\n<ul class=\"wp-block-list\">\n<li>Afabicin \/ Debio-1450\/1452 targets FabI, the staphylococcal enoyl-acyl carrier protein reductase.&nbsp;&nbsp; It has good activity against all staphylococcal species including resistant strains.&nbsp; In fact, WHO lists more than 10 pathogens for which the compound may have useful activity. Surprisingly, only a single international trial (for staphylococcal BJI) is listed in clinicaltrials.gov.&nbsp; The program is slow in moving forward; as most centers are Ukrainian, this may explain why the study seems to be stuck in Phase 2 forever.&nbsp;<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>Tetracycline derivatives (N=1)<ul><li>KBR-7072 \/ zifanocycline seems to have great Acinetobacter activity in-vitro.&nbsp; It is still in Phase 1.<\/li><\/ul>\n<ul class=\"wp-block-list\">\n<li>We cannot be sure whether the <em>in-vitro<\/em> activity against Acinetobacter holds up in real life.&nbsp; After all, these are generally bacteriostatic, not bactericidal drugs.<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n\n\n\n<p>Several drugs did not make the WHO list for which we had high hopes:<\/p>\n\n\n\n<ul class=\"wp-block-list\">\n<li>Quo vadis, TP-6076?&nbsp; This Tetraphase fluorocycline looked like a promising Acinetobacter agent.&nbsp; It is no longer mentioned on the Innoviva portfolio and also not on the WHO list.&nbsp; The last reference we found is from April 2022.<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n\n\n\n<ul class=\"wp-block-list\">\n<li>Where are the non-BL\/BLI anti-pseudomonas agents?\u00a0 Murepavadine \/ POL7080 is now being relegated to inhalational use only given issues with systemic toxicity.<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>Where are the phage therapeutics? &nbsp;Contrafect\u2019s MRSA drug CF-301 \/ exebacase surprisingly failed in a pivotal Phase 3 trial.&nbsp; But why?&nbsp; The results are puzzling and not fully explained.&nbsp; Was there a problem with the drug, or with study design?&nbsp; Were there operational issues during Covid times?&nbsp;&nbsp; We recognize that bacteremia \/ endocarditis studies are extremely difficult to design and execute.&nbsp; It took the wisdom and expertise of a Dr. Tally and Dr. Eisenstein \u2013 past developers of daptomycin \u2013 to navigate this indication.&nbsp;&nbsp; Hopefully there will be studies with phage cocktails in the years ahead.&nbsp;<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n\n\n\n<hr class=\"wp-block-separator has-alpha-channel-opacity\"\/>\n\n\n\n<p>In conclusion, most novel antibiotic drug candidates in development are still in Phase 1.&nbsp; As always, we should expect a high attrition rate given this early stage.&nbsp;These are the only new drugs in the pipeline that cover Acinetobacter.&nbsp;The next approvals will come from the group of BL\/BLI inhibitors all competing in (and restricted to) infections in the CRE and ESBL categories.&nbsp;Acinetobacter and Pseudomonas agents will remain in high demand for a while.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<h2 class=\"wp-block-heading\">REFERENCES<\/h2>\n\n\n\n<p><a href=\"#_ftnref1\" id=\"_ftn1\">[1]<\/a> <a href=\"https:\/\/www.who.int\/observatories\/global-observatory-on-health-research-and-development\/monitoring\/who-antibacterial-preclinical-pipeline-review\">WHO antibacterial preclinical pipeline review<\/a><br \/><a href=\"#_ftnref2\" id=\"_ftn2\">[2]<\/a> Melchiorri D, Lancet Microbe2024 https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/j.lanmic.2024.100992<br \/><a href=\"#_ftnref3\" id=\"_ftn3\">[3]<\/a> Ryden. The in vitro activity of apramycin, a new aminocyclitol antibiotic. J Antimicrob Chemother (1977) 3, 609<br \/><a href=\"#_ftnref4\" id=\"_ftn4\">[4]<\/a> Hameed S.&nbsp; Nature Communications (2024) 15:8202<br \/><a href=\"#_ftnref5\" id=\"_ftn5\">[5]<\/a> O\u2019Riordan W.&nbsp; AAC. 61, e02095\u201316 (2017)<br \/><a href=\"#_ftnref6\" id=\"_ftn6\">[6]<\/a> Pahil K.&nbsp; Nature 625: 572, 2024<br \/><a href=\"#_ftnref7\" id=\"_ftn7\">[7]<\/a> Graham J.&nbsp; <a href=\"https:\/\/drug-dev.com\/synthetic-anti-infectives-synthetic-polymers-offer-a-new-class-of-anti-infectives\/\">SYNTHETIC ANTI-INFECTIVES &#8211; Synthetic Polymers Offer a New Class of Anti-Infectives<\/a>.&nbsp; Drug Devel Delivery 2022<\/p>\n\n\n\n<h2 class=\"wp-block-heading\">ABBREVIATIONS<\/h2>\n\n\n\n<p>ABSSSI\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0 acute bacterial skin\/skin structure infections<br \/>AMP\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0 antimicrobial peptide<br \/>BJI\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0bone and joint infection<br \/>BL\/BLI\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0 \u00a0 betalactam\/betalactamase inhibitor<br \/>CABP\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0 community-acquired bacterial pneumonia<br \/>COGS\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0 cost of goods<br \/>CRE\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0carbapenem-resistant enterobacteriaceae<br \/>DBO\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0 diazabicyclooctanes<br \/>ESBL\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0 extended spectrum betalactamase<br \/>ESKAPE\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0 E. faecium, S. aureus, K. pneumoniae, A. baumannii, P. aeruginosa, Enterobacter spp.<br \/>GC\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0 gonorrhea<br \/>HABP\/VABP\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0   hospital\/ventilator-acquired bacterial pneumonia<br \/>HQ\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0 headquarters<br \/>LoS\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0 likelihood of success<br \/>LPS\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0lipopolysaccharide<br \/>Ltp\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0 lipopolysaccharide transport protein<br \/>MRSA\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0 methicillin-resistant S. aureus<br \/>MoA\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0 mode of action<br \/>NCE \/ NME\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0   new chemical \/ molecular entity<br \/>QIDP\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0 qualified infectious diseases product<br \/>uUTI\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0 uncomplicated UTI<\/p>\n\n\n\n<hr class=\"wp-block-separator has-alpha-channel-opacity\"\/>\n\n\n\n<p><\/p>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"<p>WHO compiles a list of antibacterials in clinical development on a regular basis, the last in mid-2024 [1].&nbsp; The information is up-to-date and detailed: it provides MoA and antibacterial spectrum, coverage of problem pathogens, the development phase, and whether it can be considered an \u2018innovative\u2019 drug (based on a set <a class=\"more-link\" href=\"https:\/\/allphasepharma.com\/dir\/2025\/01\/03\/3851\/critical-review-whos-list-antibacterials-clinical-development\/\">Continue reading <span class=\"screen-reader-text\">  A Critical Review of WHO\u2019s List of Antibacterials in Clinical Development<\/span><span class=\"meta-nav\">&rarr;<\/span><\/a><\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":1,"featured_media":3852,"comment_status":"open","ping_status":"open","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"jetpack_post_was_ever_published":false,"_jetpack_newsletter_access":"","_jetpack_dont_email_post_to_subs":false,"_jetpack_newsletter_tier_id":0,"_jetpack_memberships_contains_paywalled_content":false,"_jetpack_memberships_contains_paid_content":false,"footnotes":"","jetpack_publicize_message":"","jetpack_publicize_feature_enabled":true,"jetpack_social_post_already_shared":true,"jetpack_social_options":{"image_generator_settings":{"template":"highway","default_image_id":0,"font":"","enabled":false},"version":2}},"categories":[227,3,18],"tags":[1820,2142,2133,2151,1271,176,2141,403,2126,2139,2148,1476,2152,2156,2135,1286,177,1285,363,2132,1826,2150,1306,350,2134,2149,2147,717,91,1833,246,2155,2154,2143,785,686,1928,2136,223,2153,2129,2145,2130,2140,923,1128,2125,2128,2157,468,1904,2127,1923,263,435,2144,2138,2115,1240,2123,2124,605,2146,1637,2137],"class_list":["post-3851","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","has-post-thumbnail","hentry","category-recent_literature","category-the_news","category-the_viewpoint","tag-aai-101","tag-afabicin","tag-allecra-pharma","tag-allecra-therapeutics","tag-allphase-pharma-consulting","tag-aminoglycoside","tag-amp","tag-antibiotic-blog","tag-apramycin","tag-bacteriocin","tag-barry-eisenstein","tag-blbli-combination","tag-brii-biosciences","tag-bugworks","tag-bwc0977","tag-cf-301","tag-colistin","tag-contrafect","tag-cre","tag-dbo","tag-debiopharm","tag-enmetazobactam","tag-entasis","tag-esbl","tag-etx0282","tag-exblifep","tag-exebacase","tag-fabi-inhibitor","tag-francis-tally","tag-ftsz","tag-gsk","tag-innoviva","tag-juvabis","tag-kbr-7072","tag-ketek","tag-lps","tag-lpxc","tag-ltp","tag-macrolide","tag-micurx-pharmaceuticals","tag-mrx-8","tag-murepavidin","tag-nafithromycin","tag-omn-6","tag-pol7080","tag-polymedix","tag-polymyxin","tag-qpx9003","tag-recce-pharma","tag-solithromycin","tag-spero-therapeutics","tag-spr-206","tag-taxis-pharmaceuticals","tag-tetracycline","tag-tetraphase","tag-tp-6076","tag-txa709","tag-vabomere","tag-wck-4873","tag-who-antibacterial-pipeline","tag-who-priority-pathogen","tag-wockhardt","tag-zifanocycline","tag-zoliflodacin","tag-zosurabalpin"],"jetpack_publicize_connections":[],"jetpack_featured_media_url":"https:\/\/i0.wp.com\/allphasepharma.com\/dir\/wp-content\/uploads\/2025\/01\/WHO-Blog.jpg?fit=514%2C145&ssl=1","jetpack_shortlink":"https:\/\/wp.me\/p4KWFr-107","jetpack_sharing_enabled":true,"jetpack-related-posts":[{"id":1800,"url":"https:\/\/allphasepharma.com\/dir\/2015\/08\/01\/1800\/qidp-drugs-4th-edition\/","url_meta":{"origin":3851,"position":0},"title":"QIDP Drugs &#8211;  4th Edition","author":"Harald","date":"August 1, 2015","format":false,"excerpt":">>> For the latest QIDP list, please click HERE \u00a0<<< Since our\u00a0last QIDP blog from April 8, 2015, several new drugs have made the list which now includes 41 compounds. Below a table\u00a0which includes compound, sponsor\u00a0and development stage (Phase). It also indicates whether a drug has been\u00a0the topic of a\u2026","rel":"","context":"In &quot;Recent Literature&quot;","block_context":{"text":"Recent Literature","link":"https:\/\/allphasepharma.com\/dir\/category\/recent_literature\/"},"img":{"alt_text":"QIDP 4th edition","src":"https:\/\/i0.wp.com\/allphasepharma.com\/dir\/wp-content\/uploads\/2015\/08\/QIDP-4th-edition.jpg?resize=350%2C200","width":350,"height":200,"srcset":"https:\/\/i0.wp.com\/allphasepharma.com\/dir\/wp-content\/uploads\/2015\/08\/QIDP-4th-edition.jpg?resize=350%2C200 1x, https:\/\/i0.wp.com\/allphasepharma.com\/dir\/wp-content\/uploads\/2015\/08\/QIDP-4th-edition.jpg?resize=525%2C300 1.5x"},"classes":[]},{"id":1882,"url":"https:\/\/allphasepharma.com\/dir\/2015\/08\/23\/1882\/clinical-biofilm-studies-an-interesting-evolving-landscape\/","url_meta":{"origin":3851,"position":1},"title":"Clinical Biofilm Studies \u2013 An Interesting Evolving Landscape","author":"Harald","date":"August 23, 2015","format":false,"excerpt":"A recent article on \u201cAgents that Prevent Biofilm Formation\u201d captured my interest[1].\u00a0 The authors reviewed the literature and mentioned many substances which have shown in-vitro efficacy in disrupting biofilm production by the main offenders, i.e., S. aureus, S. epidermidis, P. aeruginosa and K. pneumoniae. These substances come with very diverse\u2026","rel":"","context":"In &quot;Recent Literature&quot;","block_context":{"text":"Recent Literature","link":"https:\/\/allphasepharma.com\/dir\/category\/recent_literature\/"},"img":{"alt_text":"BIOFILM - slider","src":"https:\/\/i0.wp.com\/allphasepharma.com\/dir\/wp-content\/uploads\/2015\/08\/BIOFILM-slider.jpg?resize=350%2C200","width":350,"height":200,"srcset":"https:\/\/i0.wp.com\/allphasepharma.com\/dir\/wp-content\/uploads\/2015\/08\/BIOFILM-slider.jpg?resize=350%2C200 1x, https:\/\/i0.wp.com\/allphasepharma.com\/dir\/wp-content\/uploads\/2015\/08\/BIOFILM-slider.jpg?resize=525%2C300 1.5x"},"classes":[]},{"id":2563,"url":"https:\/\/allphasepharma.com\/dir\/2016\/06\/22\/2563\/progress-report-new-antibacterials-in-the-fight-against-mdr-bacteria\/","url_meta":{"origin":3851,"position":2},"title":"Progress Report: New Antibacterials In the Fight against MDR Bacteria","author":"Harald","date":"June 22, 2016","format":false,"excerpt":"Since the beginning of this millennium we have seen antibiotic R&D dwindle year after year. There are many reasons for this; while economics are often cited for this decline, the FDA and the \u2018Guideline Wars\u2019, i.e., those never ending discussions about regulatory requirements, have contributed to this trend in a\u2026","rel":"","context":"In &quot;Recent Literature&quot;","block_context":{"text":"Recent Literature","link":"https:\/\/allphasepharma.com\/dir\/category\/recent_literature\/"},"img":{"alt_text":"Pipeline - slider","src":"https:\/\/i0.wp.com\/allphasepharma.com\/dir\/wp-content\/uploads\/2016\/06\/Pipeline-slider.jpg?resize=350%2C200","width":350,"height":200,"srcset":"https:\/\/i0.wp.com\/allphasepharma.com\/dir\/wp-content\/uploads\/2016\/06\/Pipeline-slider.jpg?resize=350%2C200 1x, https:\/\/i0.wp.com\/allphasepharma.com\/dir\/wp-content\/uploads\/2016\/06\/Pipeline-slider.jpg?resize=525%2C300 1.5x"},"classes":[]},{"id":4723,"url":"https:\/\/allphasepharma.com\/dir\/2025\/07\/13\/4723\/microbiological-response-as-primary-efficacy-endpoint-for-antibacterials\/","url_meta":{"origin":3851,"position":3},"title":"Microbiological Response as Primary Efficacy Endpoint for Antibacterials","author":"Harald","date":"July 13, 2025","format":false,"excerpt":"We have often mentioned the central importance of microbiological response as an endpoint in trials of antibacterials. This is contrary to other therapeutic areas, in which the etiology is less understood and where surrogate markers are needed. In bacterial infectious diseases we have the luxury of knowing exactly what causes\u2026","rel":"","context":"In &quot;Did you know...?&quot;","block_context":{"text":"Did you know...?","link":"https:\/\/allphasepharma.com\/dir\/category\/interesting_facts\/"},"img":{"alt_text":"","src":"https:\/\/i0.wp.com\/allphasepharma.com\/dir\/wp-content\/uploads\/2025\/07\/HR_SLIDER-MICROBIOLOGY-STUPID.jpg?resize=350%2C200&ssl=1","width":350,"height":200,"srcset":"https:\/\/i0.wp.com\/allphasepharma.com\/dir\/wp-content\/uploads\/2025\/07\/HR_SLIDER-MICROBIOLOGY-STUPID.jpg?resize=350%2C200&ssl=1 1x, https:\/\/i0.wp.com\/allphasepharma.com\/dir\/wp-content\/uploads\/2025\/07\/HR_SLIDER-MICROBIOLOGY-STUPID.jpg?resize=525%2C300&ssl=1 1.5x"},"classes":[]},{"id":1332,"url":"https:\/\/allphasepharma.com\/dir\/2015\/03\/28\/1332\/drugs-with-qidp-designation-update-3282015\/","url_meta":{"origin":3851,"position":4},"title":"Drugs with QIDP Designation \u2013 Update 4\/8\/2015","author":"Harald","date":"March 28, 2015","format":false,"excerpt":"For the latest QIDP listing, please click HERE Our latest internet search came up with 37 drugs that garnered QIDP status.\u00a0 They are listed in the Table below (if I missed a compound, please leave a comment!!). \u00a0The\u00a0table is searchable so you should be able to massage the data to\u2026","rel":"","context":"In &quot;QIDP Antibiotics&quot;","block_context":{"text":"QIDP Antibiotics","link":"https:\/\/allphasepharma.com\/dir\/category\/qidp_antibiotic\/"},"img":{"alt_text":"APPC + QIDP copy","src":"https:\/\/i0.wp.com\/allphasepharma.com\/dir\/wp-content\/uploads\/2014\/10\/APPC-QIDP-copy.jpg?resize=350%2C200","width":350,"height":200,"srcset":"https:\/\/i0.wp.com\/allphasepharma.com\/dir\/wp-content\/uploads\/2014\/10\/APPC-QIDP-copy.jpg?resize=350%2C200 1x, https:\/\/i0.wp.com\/allphasepharma.com\/dir\/wp-content\/uploads\/2014\/10\/APPC-QIDP-copy.jpg?resize=525%2C300 1.5x"},"classes":[]},{"id":2205,"url":"https:\/\/allphasepharma.com\/dir\/2015\/12\/23\/2205\/qidp-antibiotics-2015-year-end-update\/","url_meta":{"origin":3851,"position":5},"title":"QIDP Antibiotics  &#8211;  2015 Year-End Update","author":"Harald","date":"December 23, 2015","format":false,"excerpt":"Here an updated listing of all QIDP drugs we are aware of as of 12\/24\/2015. Today just\u00a0facts and numbers; we will provide an interpretation of the current landscape in upcoming blogs. There are\u00a058 drugs which garnered QIDP status and these are listed in the Main Table below. With the recent\u2026","rel":"","context":"In &quot;QIDP Antibiotics&quot;","block_context":{"text":"QIDP Antibiotics","link":"https:\/\/allphasepharma.com\/dir\/category\/qidp_antibiotic\/"},"img":{"alt_text":"","src":"https:\/\/i0.wp.com\/allphasepharma.com\/dir\/wp-content\/uploads\/2015\/12\/QIDP-slider.jpg?fit=640%2C200&ssl=1&resize=350%2C200","width":350,"height":200,"srcset":"https:\/\/i0.wp.com\/allphasepharma.com\/dir\/wp-content\/uploads\/2015\/12\/QIDP-slider.jpg?fit=640%2C200&ssl=1&resize=350%2C200 1x, https:\/\/i0.wp.com\/allphasepharma.com\/dir\/wp-content\/uploads\/2015\/12\/QIDP-slider.jpg?fit=640%2C200&ssl=1&resize=525%2C300 1.5x"},"classes":[]}],"jetpack_likes_enabled":true,"_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/allphasepharma.com\/dir\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/3851","targetHints":{"allow":["GET"]}}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/allphasepharma.com\/dir\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/allphasepharma.com\/dir\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/types\/post"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/allphasepharma.com\/dir\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/users\/1"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/allphasepharma.com\/dir\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/comments?post=3851"}],"version-history":[{"count":9,"href":"https:\/\/allphasepharma.com\/dir\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/3851\/revisions"}],"predecessor-version":[{"id":3868,"href":"https:\/\/allphasepharma.com\/dir\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/3851\/revisions\/3868"}],"wp:featuredmedia":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/allphasepharma.com\/dir\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media\/3852"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/allphasepharma.com\/dir\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media?parent=3851"}],"wp:term":[{"taxonomy":"category","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/allphasepharma.com\/dir\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/categories?post=3851"},{"taxonomy":"post_tag","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/allphasepharma.com\/dir\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/tags?post=3851"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}